Water is an important component of the body. Water is about 60% of the body’s weight. It performs important functions for various organs of the body. It is an important component of the circulatory system. and helps to drive waste to be excreted by the kidneys
Therefore, when there is a lack of water, it interferes with these functions. Dehydration of even small amounts can lead to feelings of fatigue. But if there is severe dehydration, kidney function may decrease. and interferes with the normal functioning of other organs
Benefits of drinking water
This is because water makes up the majority of the body’s fluids. And water has benefits for the body including:
- It is a component of blood which helps in transporting oxygen and nutrients to the body normally.
- Normalizes body temperature.
- Reduce constipation. Helps in bowel movement
- Prevents the formation of gallstones.
- Allows the body to normally excrete waste products through sweat and kidneys.
- Helps lubricate bones, joints, and various synovial fluids.
The body’s need for water increases in various conditions as follows:
- In hot weather
- Having to work or exercise.
- have a fever
- Have diarrhoea or vomiting.
How does drinking water affect the kidneys?
- Helps the kidneys eliminate waste normally: The kidneys filter 140-170 litres of blood per day and produce 1-2 litres of urine daily to expel waste. Water is a crucial component that supports the kidneys in effectively removing waste from the body. Additionally, water plays a vital role in the circulatory system, helping transport oxygen and nutrients to the kidneys sufficiently.
- Helps deliver oxygen and nutrients to the kidneys
- Reduces the risk of kidney stones
- Reduces gastrointestinal infections
Daily Water Intake
The recommended amount of daily water intake varies based on factors such as:
- Age
- Climate
- Physical activity
- Pregnancy
- Breastfeeding
- Illness
On average, it is advisable to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day (1-2 litres/day).
However, individuals with reduced kidney function may have a decreased ability to excrete water, particularly those with advanced kidney disease or undergoing kidney treatment, and may need to strictly limit their water intake.
Does drinking too much water damage your kidneys?
Excessive water consumption can also negatively affect the body. If water intake exceeds the kidneys’ capacity to excrete it, it may cause:
- Electrolyte imbalance: This often leads to low sodium levels in the blood (hyponatremia), which can cause neurological issues, muscle abnormalities, and symptoms such as pale lips and hands.
- Fatigue or weakness may also occur due to overworked kidneys and abnormal hormone secretion from the kidneys. Overhydration can lead to adverse effects on the body, such as:
In marathon or triathlon runners who drink large amounts of water too quickly (e.g., more than 6-10 litres), electrolyte imbalances may occur, potentially causing seizures or unconsciousness.
In patients with certain stages of kidney disease where urine output is insufficient, excessive water intake without restriction can lead to abnormal electrolyte levels in the blood, swelling, and difficulty breathing. Therefore, kidney disease patients should consult a doctor for personalized water intake recommendations.
Proper Water Consumption
The appropriate daily water intake varies from person to person. On average, 8 glasses per day or 1.5–2 litres is recommended.
Guidelines for proper water consumption:
- Distribute water intake throughout the day.
- Drink clean water at room temperature, neither too hot nor too cold.
- If drinking warm water, it should be slightly warm.
- Drink water in the morning to support digestion.
- Avoid drinking large amounts of water in one sitting, as this may disrupt the body’s electrolyte balance.
Monitor your urine colour to determine adequate hydration:
- Urine should be clear, not cloudy, or slightly yellow.
- Dark or cloudy urine may indicate dehydration, and water intake should be increased.
- In situations where the body requires more water, such as in hot weather, during exercise, or when experiencing vomiting, diarrhoea, or fever, water intake can be adjusted accordingly.
Since individual water needs vary, it is essential to adapt water consumption to suit the situation and always prioritize maintaining hydration to support overall health and balance in life.
Reference :
Dr. Bongkot Surattachaikul, Nephrologist, Bhumirajanagarindra Kidney Institute Hospital.
