Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a type of virus that is transmitted from person to person through contact with secretions in the body, such as sexual intercourse, breast milk, and the HIV virus destroys the immune system in the body, especially CD4 white blood cells, causing the immune system in the body to be weakened and unable to fight various pathogens. People living with HIV enter an immunocompromised state, also known as AIDs.
Why get tested for HIV ?
Generally, people living with HIV do not show obvious symptoms. Before the symptoms begin to appear, the disease may become more severe, and the immunity is very low, leading to various complications. For this reason, people who are at risk of HIV infection should get tested for HIV as soon as possible. If the infection is found, you can plan treatment and take care of yourself before the symptoms worsen.
How many HIV tests are available and what are they?
HIV p24 Antigen Testing is a test for the virus’s protein called p24 Antigen. This method is used to detect infection in the early stages, when the infected person’s body has not yet created antibodies to HIV (Anti-HIV) or the body has low antibody levels that cannot be detected. It can be detected approximately 14-15 days after infection.
Testing using HIV Ag/Ab Combination Assay, also known as the Fourth Generation Antigen Test, which is an anti-HIV and HIV p24 antigen test at the same time. Currently, this type of reagent is widely used. The infection can be detected as early as 14-15 days after infection.
Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing (NAT) for HIV RNA testing, which is a very fast method. Infection can be tested from 3-7 days after infection.
How often should I get tested for HIV ?
A negative result does not necessarily mean that you do not have HIV. It’s essential to consider whether enough time has passed since exposure to take an accurate test. If testing occurs during the window period and no infection is detected, it’s advisable to retest after the recommended waiting period based on the specific testing method used.
